Exploring Population Dynamics of the Asian Ambrosia Beetle Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Scolytidae: Coleoptera) and Cultivar Resistance in Pakistani Mango Orchards

Khalid Hussain Qureshi, Abdul Waheed Solangi, Abdul Ghani Lanjar, Jan Muhammad Marri, Mehar Ul Nissa Rais

Abstract


The bark beetle, Xylosandrus Crassiusculus, poses a significant threat to mango orchards in Pakistan. The population buildup of this noxious pest is responsible for mango sudden death disease (MSDD) within the country. Therefore, the current research was designed to observe the population dynamics and cultivar resistance of the bark beetle in the major mango-growing areas, namely Sanghar, Matiari, Tandoalhyar, and Mirpurkhas districts of Sindh, which were selected for the study. From each district, four mango orchards were randomly selected. Each orchard comprised 1000 trees, covering a total area of 12 acres. From each orchard, 20 mango trees were randomly investigated. Bark beetle damage was assessed by measuring perimeter square sections (15.24 cm long) of stems at the attack site, designated as a sampling unit. The maximum population was recorded in Tandoalhyar and Mirpurkhas compared to the other districts of Sindh. Correlation results regarding the mean population of the bark beetle showed a positive relationship (r = 0.59, 0.70, 0.63, and 0.73) between temperature and the mean beetle population. Conversely, the relationship between relative humidity and the mean population was negative (r = -0.51, -0.58, -0.33, and -0.41) with significant differences at (P < 0.05) in all four selected districts. The highest disease severity (25.98%) was recorded on the Sindhri variety, while the lowest disease intensity (8.2%) was found on the Began Pali varieties. Based on the current findings, it is recommended that mango growers closely monitor their orchards by regularly observing the trunks from April to June for bark beetle infestations. In case damage symptoms appear on the mango trees, an integrated approach should be implemented for effective orchard management.


Keywords


Xylosandrus Crassiusculus; Seasonal Abundance; Cultivar Resistance; Mango

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References


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DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.007.02.4731

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