Local Government in Sri Lankan and Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis of Decentralization and Governance

Abstract

This research focused on decentralization and the governing system among the local governments in Pakistan and Sri Lanka, drawing on the comparative analysis methodology. Therefore, the paper assessed how the administrative, political, and historical contexts of decentralization in both nations have shaped the policies and the impact of these policies on the local government systems. Moreover, the current study highlighted some core aspects such as accountability, transparency, and citizen's participation in the structures of municipal governments in both countries. The findings of the study suggested that Sri Lanka has been a more devolution-oriented country as the country has formed directly elected local government institutions and devolved a relatively large amount of power and authority. In contrast, Pakistan has been a more deconcentration-oriented country as local governments remained the central authorities' administrative subordinates. These findings provide insights into the broader implications of decentralization in South Asia and highlight ongoing policy changes and efforts to build better capacities in both central and provincial governments for better decentralization and governance practices in Pakistan and Sri Lanka.