Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics
https://journals.esciencepress.net/index.php/JPBG
<p>Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics is an open-access, peer-reviewed, international journal devoted to providing opportunities for original as well as extended versions of published researches. Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics publishes original and review articles by internationally recognized researchers, covering all areas of plant genetics, genetics and related interface. The journal focuses on crop plants and is therefore of interest to seed companies and the plant breeding industry as well as to researchers and teachers in this field. Journal publishes original research covering all areas of theoretical and applied plant breeding and genetics. Journal is a periodical for the publication of records of original research in all branches of genetics, plant breeding and cytology, including molecular biology, biotechnology and other related sciences of sufficient importance and of such a character as to be of the primary interest to the geneticist and plant breeders.</p>EScience Pressen-USJournal of Plant Breeding and Genetics2308-121X<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;" align="justify">Submission of a manuscript infers that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis). It is also not under consideration for publication elsewhere.</p><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;" align="justify"> </p><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;" align="justify">All works published by Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics is freely available to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited under a CC BY license (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License). The CC BY license allows for maximum dissemination and re-use of open access materials and is preferred by many research funding bodies. Under this license users are free to share (copy, distribute and transmit) and remix (adapt) the contribution including for commercial purposes, providing they attribute the contribution in the manner specified by the author or licensor (<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" target="_blank">read full legal code</a>).</p><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;" align="justify"> </p><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;" align="justify">Under Creative Commons, authors retain copyright in their articles.</p><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;" align="justify"> </p>Genetic analysis of Agronomic Traits of Wheat under Terminal Drought Stress
https://journals.esciencepress.net/index.php/JPBG/article/view/2877
Seven wheat genotypes (Sirvan, Zarin, Pishgam, Karim, Baran, Heidary, and Rizhav) were crossed in diallel mating to develop 42 F<sub>1</sub>'s hybrids. The resultant hybrids along with parents were evaluated during cropping season 2015-16 at agriculture and natural resources Pardis of Tehran University, Iran, using RCB design with 3 replications under drought stress and normal field conditions from the booting stage till physiological maturity. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for agronomic traits were determined. The main objective of the research was the identification and proper selection of best-performing wheat parental genotypes and best F<sub>1</sub>'s hybrids, based on GCA and SCA estimates. Significant differences were observed among the wheat genotypes for all the reported traits in this article. Results for combining ability analysis indicated that mean squares of GCA and SCA effects were significantly high for most of the traits. The estimates of σ<sup>2</sup><sub>gca</sub> and σ<sup>2</sup><sub>sca</sub> and its ratio (σ<sup>2</sup><sub>gca</sub>/σ<sup>2</sup><sub>sca</sub>) indicated that non-additive genetic expression was dominant for most of the traits studied, then the heterosis breading is a useful program, however selection on superior hybrids should be postponed to the next generation for these traits in recombination program. It is concluded that Zarin, and Baran are recommended as the best general combiners for a future wheat breeding program. The maximum values of SCA observed in flag leaf length in normal and peduncle length in drought condition related to crosses of Rizhav with other parents. So, it is suggested these series of crosses can be down to improve these traits at the mentioned conditionMohammad DashtakMohammad R. BihamtaEslam MajidiReza A. Nejad
Copyright (c) 2020 Mohammad Dashtak, Mohammad R. Bihamta, Eslam Majidi, Reza A. Nejad
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2020-04-142020-04-14739510210.33687/pbg.007.03.2877Screening of Bread Wheat Genotypes on Physiological and Agronomical Traits in High Temperature at Different Planting
https://journals.esciencepress.net/index.php/JPBG/article/view/3033
<p>The most crucial factors that reduce developments of plants are the Abiotic stresses. Among abiotic stresses, high temperature is the imperative factor that causes a reduction in crop growth and effect yield. Nowadays, the temperature of Pakistan has raised with approximately <50<sup>0</sup>C, affecting the wheat crop from anthesis stage till maturity and hence, limiting the productivity of wheat. This study focuses on examining the effects of high temperature on wheat genotypes when planted with different sowing date viz. 10<sup>th</sup> November and 20<sup>th</sup> December of the year 2017-18, using Randomize Complete Bloch Design (RCBD). Product yield from both sowing dates (early and late) were observed with significant difference in all types of genotypes; for days 75% maturity, 1000-grains yield, grain yield (kg/ha<sup>-1</sup>), biological yield (kg/ha<sup>-1</sup>) and in some physiological characters such as area (cm<sup>2</sup>) of flag leaf, relative percent of water content ( %) and chlorophyll content % at the probability level P≤0.01 and probability level P≤0.05. The early and late planting revealed significant different recorded in RWC (%) and Leaf Area. The late sowing date, the trait RWC (%) shown non-significant result. The maximum reduction recorded in HYT 10 advance line for grain yield kg/ha<sup>-1</sup>, leaf area and RWC and in HYT 09 more reduction of chlorophyll content was observed. Hence, it was due to delayed planting effect and heat stress.</p>Washu DevXiaoli GengDaowu HuShabana MemonAamir A. AbroSadaf Memon
Copyright (c) 2020 Washu Dev, Xiaoli Gen, Daowu Hu, Shabana Memon, Aamir A. Abro, Xiongming Du, Sadaf Memon
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2020-04-142020-04-147310311310.33687/pbg.007.03.3033Development and Release of Two Mid-Late Maturing Maize Hybrids for the Highland Agro-Ecologies of Uganda
https://journals.esciencepress.net/index.php/JPBG/article/view/2974
The maize yield in the highland areas of Uganda (1500 to 3000 masl), rarely exceeding 2 t ha<sup>-1</sup>. The use of unimproved maize genotypes, the prevalence of pests and diseases, and low levels of input use has tremendously contributed to the low grain yields. Accordingly, we obtained 100 maize inbred lines majorly from CIMMYT in the year 2013. The inbred lines were evaluated for adaptability and those selected were intercrossed to generate 80 single cross hybrids by January 2015. The 80 single cross hybrids were evaluated in preliminary yield trials in three sites namely, Kachwekano, Kalengyere and Buginyanya in 2015a season. The best combiners were crossed with the selected males to obtain 122 three-way cross hybrids. These were evaluated for adaptability in advanced yield trials in 2016a in Kachwekano, Kalengyere and Bukwo, from where the best five hybrids (BH33, BH31, BH27, BH104 and BH38) were selected for National Performance Trials (NPT) in 2016b and 2017a seasons in Bukwo, Buginyanya, Zombo, Fort portal and Kalengere. Two candidate varieties namely BH31 and BH33 exhibited good agronomic qualities such as earlier maturity, tolerance to MLN and other diseases. The selected hybrids yielded 8.2 t ha<sup>-1</sup> and 7.2 t ha<sup>-1</sup> for BH31 and BH33, respectively. The two varieties are appropriate for cultivation in major highland and transitional maize growing regions in Uganda and were subsequently released as NAROMAIZE 731 and NAROMAIZE 733, respectively. The newly released varieties are expected to reduce the highland maize cropping season from over six months to five months.Frank KagodaDaniel B. KwemoiLawrence OwereMildred Ochwo-SsemakulaGodfrey Asea
Copyright (c) 2020 Frank Kagoda, Daniel B. Kwemoi, Lawrence Owere, Mildred Ochwo-Ssemakula, Godfrey Asea
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2020-04-142020-04-147311512410.33687/pbg.007.03.2974A Dihaploid Approach for the Selection of Forage Quality in Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)
https://journals.esciencepress.net/index.php/JPBG/article/view/3013
<p>Within the <em>Festuca</em>-<em>Lolium </em>genome complex, there is a need for modern breeding approaches that can facilitate the rapid development of improved germplasm or cultivars. Traditional recurrent or mass-selection methods for population or synthetic development are labor intensive and time consuming. The recent development of annual ryegrass <em>Lolium multiflorum</em> Lam.) lines, when hybridized by tall fescue [(<em>Festuca arundinacea</em> Schreb. (syn. = <em>Lolium arundinaceum</em> (Schreb.) Darbysh<em>.</em>)], will produce F1 hybrids, that through mitotic genome loss, lose either their ryegrass or tall fescue genome and result in the recovery of ryegrass and tall fescue dihaploid (DH) lines. For breeding and selection purposes regarding forage quality, the ability to select for superior genotypes at the F1 generation, rather than at the subsequent DH generation would improve the efficiency of the technique. The study examined forage quality components of crude protein (CP), acid digestible fiber (ADF), neutral digestible fiber (NDF) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) expression and inheritance in the F1 and their respective recovered DH lines. Results of the study indicate that forage quality genotypes, conferred by the tall fescue gamete, are heritable and selection performed at the F1 generation will be effective in identifying DH genotypes that are not significantly different in forage quality of their respective F1 parents. Though performed only on CP, ADF, NDF and IVDMD forage quality components, the study suggests similar application toward the selection of additional quantitative forage quality or agronomic attributes for tall fescue improvement. The described selection strategy is applicable to tall fescue (<em>L. arundinaceum</em>) and may have application across the <em>Lolium/Festuca</em> genus.</p>Bryan KindigerJoseph Moyer
Copyright (c) 2020 Bryan Kindiger, Joseph Moyer
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2020-04-142020-04-147312513310.33687/pbg.007.03.3013Genetic structure and diversity in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench landraces from marginal sorghum production lands in Senegal, based on SSR markers
https://journals.esciencepress.net/index.php/JPBG/article/view/3204
<p>Data on sorghum genetic diversity in Senegal are missing despite its importance in the food and feed in the country. In order to contribute to the sustainable in situ management of sorghum germplasm, we investigated its genetic diversity and structure in its marginal production areas. Investigations were focused on Thiès, Diourbel and Kédougou regions where sorghum landraces have been less investigated and genetic information on landraces is unknown. A total of 148 sorghum accessions representative of landraces used in production systems have been sampled and analyzed with 30 microsatellite markers. A total of 138 alleles have been recorded. The number of alleles per locus varied from 3 (7 loci) to 8 (3 loci). The observed heterozygosity varied from 0 to 0.62. The low genetic distance (0.12) was recorded between Thiès and Diourbel populations and the highest distance (0.22) between Thiès and Kédougou populations. Dendrogram obtained according to Neighbour joining classification model allowed the classification of sorghum accessions into three main groups. The Genetic structure is not function to the regions indicating that landraces are not specific to a region. The results are a first step toward the sustainable in situ management of genetic resources. Data on the whole range of existing diversity of sorghum in Senegal is an important key for its germplasm management; so, the genotyping must be extended to accessions from the whole country.</p>Amy BodianBassiaka OuattaraAwa SarrBoubacar GanoMbaye-Ndoye SallKhadidiatou-Ndoye NdirNdiaga CisséHamidou Falalou
Copyright (c) 2020 Amy Bodian, Bassiaka Ouattara, Awa Sarr, Boubacar Gano, Mbaye N. Sall, Khadidiatou N. Ndir, Ndiaga Cissé, Hamidou Falalou
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2020-04-192020-04-197313414410.33687/pbg.007.03.3204