MANAGEMENT OF COWPEA WEEVIL (CALLOSOBRUCHUS MACULATUS FABR.) (COLEOPTERA; CHRYSOMELIDAE: BRUCHINAE) USING GMELINA (GMELINA ARBOREA ROXB) TREE PARTS POWDER IN STORAGE OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA L. WALP) AND THEIR EFFECTS ON NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF THE COW

Abstract

The experiment aimed at evaluating the effects of Gmelina arborea tree parts powder on the management of stored insect pest of cowpea and their effects on nutritional quality of the cowpea, carried out at Niger State College of Agriculture, Mokwa, Pest Management Technology Laboratory, Niger state, Nigeria, during 2012 season. The trial of four treatments with three replicates was directly applied on cowpea seeds. The treatment included bark of G. arborea tree part powder 20g on 200g of cowpea seed; root of G. arborea tree part powder 20g on 200g of cowpea seed; leaf of G. arborea tree part powder 20g on 200g of cowpea seed; stem of G. arborea tree part powder 20g on 200g of cowpea). The result showed  insects mortality were significantly different at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after storage, and no significant difference in live insects at 15, 30 and, 60 days after storage but  significantly different in the live insects after 45, 75,and 90 days of Storage. However, no significant difference in weight lost of cowpea after 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days of storage all at 5% probability. The bark of G. arborea tree part powder was the most effective throughout the three months of the cowpea storage, followed by the root then the leaf, and lastly the stem. They generally reduce the number of emerging adults significantly,-and also increase the mortality rate of Callosobruchus maculatus at different level depending on the part of Gmelina used. For crude protein preservation of cowpea grains, Gmelina root powder and Gmelina bark powder give promising result.